Autoimmune Disorders: This is the most common cause of thyroid problems.
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: The body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, which reduces hormone production (hypo).
Graves’ Disease: The immune system causes the thyroid gland to overwork and increase hormone levels (hyper).
Iodine Deficiency: The body needs iodine to produce thyroid hormone. If there is a lack of iodine in the diet, the thyroid gland can become enlarged (goiter) and problems may occur.
Genetics: If there is a family history of thyroid problems in parents or close relatives, the risk is higher.
Hormonal changes: Women are more likely to develop thyroid problems than men. This can be caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy and after childbirth.
Medications: Some medications taken for other conditions (e.g. lithium) can affect thyroid function.
Radiation Treatment: If you have had radiation treatment for other conditions in the head or neck, it may affect the thyroid gland.
