Main causes of melasma
Sun Exposure: The most important cause of melasma is sunlight. The ultraviolet (UV) rays in the sun stimulate the melanocytes (color-giving cells) in the skin and cause them to produce excess melanin.
Hormonal changes: Changes in hormones are a major cause of melasma. Melasma is seen during pregnancy (this is called the ‘Mask of Pregnancy’), while using birth control pills, or while undergoing hormonal treatments.
Genetics: If your parents or siblings have this problem in your family, you are more likely to get it.
Cosmetics: Skin allergies to certain types of soaps, creams, or other cosmetics can sometimes cause melasma.
Medications: Some medications (for example, medications for fits) can make the skin hypersensitive to sunlight (photosensitivity) and lead to scarring.
