When the cells in the body are damaged or infected, we call it ‘edema’, which is the accumulation of special cells and fluids released by our immune system to fight it. This is often a protective function. But chronic edema is dangerous. Here are the 5 main reasons behind it:
Kidney, liver, and heart problems: One of the most important scientific reasons for edema is the decrease in the functionality of the body’s organs. When the kidneys are unable to purify the blood, salt and water accumulate in the body, causing swelling in the feet and face. When the heart’s pumping decreases, blood can back up and cause swelling in the legs (edema). People with liver diseases also experience water retention in the abdomen (ascites).
Severe Allergic Reaction: When our body reacts strongly to pollen, certain foods, medications, or insect bites, blood vessels dilate and fluid leaks into the tissues. This causes sudden swelling (for example, swelling of the face, lips).
Malnutrition and Anemia (Hypoproteinemia): When the level of a protein called albumin in the blood is too low, the pressure inside the blood vessels decreases and water leaks into the tissues, causing swelling. This condition is seen in people with severe malnutrition and a low-protein diet.
Hormonal changes and medications: In women, water retention occurs in the body due to hormonal changes (progesterone/estrogen) in the days before menstruation. In addition, edema can occur as a side effect in those who regularly use BP-lowering drugs, steroid pills, and painkillers (NSAIDs).
Excessive salt intake: Eating too much salty foods (pickles, bakery products, packaged foods) increases the sodium levels in the body. This causes water to be retained within the cells. This causes swelling in the hands and feet and under the eyes.
